Educating your child at home may be the right option for them, but it's vital to understand what that entails before making any decisions. 
 
Here we look at why you may choose to home educate your child, what it involves, the law and specific advice for Northern Ireland.  
 
We also talk about socialising, exams and tutors.
 

Choosing home education 

Home educating your child is a huge responsibility, but you do have the right to do this. Parents choose to educate their autistic child at home for various reasons, including: 

• their child may have sensory needs that make a school environment noisy, distracting or even painful to them. They may find it hard to concentrate or behave in the way school expects, which may then stop them from reaching their full potential 
• their child may not be able to cope with the social aspects of school life 
• they may feel their child's needs are not being recognised or supported at school 
• they feel they can provide a more appropriate education. 

Many autistic children do succeed in school and benefit from the support of dedicated staff, such as learning support assistants. But some find it difficult due to the emphasis on social interaction and group learning. 

What home education involves 

There are different approaches to home educating, ranging from self-directed learning to more structured teaching. 
 
You may feel overwhelmed by all the decisions you need to make about your child's home education, especially if you have no previous knowledge about teaching or the education system.  
 
You can ask social services for a community care assessment to evaluate if you are entitled to short break provision. 
 

Home education and the law

Parents are legally responsible for educating their child. This can be done by sending them to school, but home education is an equally valid and lawful choice. 
 
If you choose to educate them at home, the education must be suitable to their age, ability and aptitude. Any special educational or additional support needs that they have must also be considered. 
 
If your child is not enrolled at school, you don't have to inform the Education Authority (EA) that you are educating your child at home. However, they might contact you to ask how you are educating your child. 
 
There is no legal duty for the EA to monitor your child's education at home routinely. Informal enquiries and annual updates should suffice, unless there are valid concerns about your child's education or wellbeing. 

You can find out more by reading EA Guidelines on Elective Home Education.

Home educating

The education must amount to efficient full time education. You don’t need to have any teaching qualifications, follow a fixed timetable, school hours or have any set curriculum. 
 
If your child is already enrolled at a state school then you need to tell the school in writing that you wish your child's name to be removed from the school register. This will stop any misunderstanding about your child's non-attendance at school. 
 
You don't legally need to let the EA know, however by doing so they may be able to give you some appropriate guidance and educational materials. They are unlikely to provide financial help. 
 
If your child goes to a special school, you need permission from the EA to withdraw your child's name from the school register. 

Children with a Statement of special educational needs (SEN)  

If your child has a statement of SEN you still have the legal right to home educate your child. The EA will be responsible for maintaining and reviewing the statement for as long as it remains in force.  
 
You don’t have to make the provision set out in the statement, but you do have to take account of your child’s special educational needs. You must make sure that your child receives an education that is suitable to their age, ability and aptitude.

How to home educate 

The law does not define how you should home educate. Most schools follow the Northern Ireland Curriculum. 

This sets out the stages and core subjects your child would be taught at school. Some autistic children can find this way of teaching too rigid. However, when you design your child's education, you can concentrate more on the particular needs and interests of your child. 
 
You may decide that you should spend more time on subjects that your child doesn’t do well in. We use the term 'subjects' loosely here. It does not necessarily refer to the areas covered by the Curriculum. 
 
Although the term 'home education' is commonly used, a child may be taught at home for just part of the time. This means that you’re able to combine academic lessons with self-directed learning where your child can explore their interest independently. 
 
Your child may benefit from less conventional education such as visits to leisure centres, classes at other education settings, trips to historical places, botanical gardens, art galleries, zoos and other community-based learning opportunities.  
 
You also don't need to follow the hours of the standard school day, giving you the flexibility to plan the day around when your child is most open to learning or when then may have a hospital or therapy appointment. 
 
Whatever 'timetable' you finally choose, you will need to make some specific decisions such as whether to home educate your child throughout their school life, or just for a short time. 

You may feel that your child will benefit from a period of home education, but go back to formal education at a later date or at another level. 

Exams 

Legally, no-one has to take any exams. If you decide to enter your child for exams, you will need to discuss whether your child goes back to school to prepare for them, or whether they are going to study for them at home. 
 
You will need to arrange for your child to sit the exams. Exams are based on the curriculum of each UK nation, so familiarise yourself with any changes to the curriculum to ensure that your child is well prepared. You can find information about exams at Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (Northern Ireland). 

Read more exam guidance.
 

Socialisation  

Home education can better suit autistic children and young people as they don’t have to spend the school day in social situations. 
 
However, you may want to ensure that you child has opportunities to meet other children and develop their social skills. Here are some ways you can help:   

• watch their social interaction carefully and plan how you can support them 
• act out role play situations with them, explaining how and why people acted in a particular way 
• try using a social story or comic strip conversation to see if that helps develop their social understanding in a structured way.  

Our charity provides autism specific out of school clubs and social groups around the UK. We also have local branches that often provide social opportunities for autistic children and young people.  
 
You can find other services in your area by searching our Autism Services Directory or you can find out more about what help and support is available.

Tutors 

We advise that you check that tutors have experience of teaching autistic pupils. You should also make sure that they have the correct AccessNI check. 

Here are some tutors you can contact, although this is not a recommendation: 

Kumon
 

Further help from our charity  

Read our pages on communication 
 

Useful links 

Northern Ireland Curriculum 

Home Education Northern Ireland 

You can also search online for books and educational games specifically designed for use with autistic children.